Thanks for asking about this @lmonroe, and awesome suggestions @AnsonHwang and @ScottR. Couple additions from my side in case useful -
While this isn't the same as window.prompt() , thought it may be of interest:
Our Eng team is working on new UI primitives to make it easier for users to build common layout patterns in Retool. The Modal frames & Drawer frames are a powerful way for users to drill down into business logic:

And here's forum post on how to show/hide dynamically (in relation to @ScottR's suggestion)!